Not known Factual Statements About 癌症
癌症篩檢，是希望在一般大眾身上提早找出潛在未發現與早期無症狀的癌症。所進行的測試必須適合廣大民眾能夠負擔，並且安全，無侵入性而且不易有假陽性結果產生。一旦發現癌症的跡象，更精確的後續檢驗，或使用侵入性手術取得組織切片以確定篩檢結果則是必要的。而根據癌症發展的程度，又可分為零、一、二、三、四期等，及早期與晚期，通常零到一期算是早期，但在不同癌症中每期的定義和治療方法都有所不同，確實的分期仍應參考美國癌症聯合委員會的定義。
The tissue prognosis through the biopsy suggests the kind of cell that is definitely proliferating, its histological grade, genetic abnormalities and other options. Together, this information and facts is beneficial To judge the prognosis and also to select the ideal cure.
Other factors are applicable: obese people have increased amounts of some hormones related to cancer and a better price of These cancers.[ninety five] Ladies who consider hormone alternative therapy have a higher threat of developing cancers connected to These hormones.
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活體組織切片後取下的組織，經染色後由病理醫師判讀，此圖所示為惡性黑色素瘤之切片 病患可能經由許多症狀或檢驗結果被懷疑罹患癌症，但診斷惡性腫瘤最確定的方式就是經由病理醫師對活體組織切片或經手術取得的組織做病理檢查來證實癌細胞的存在。許多活體組織切片，例如皮膚、乳房或肝臟等，在醫師的診療室內即可取得。但是其他器官的切片，則需要在麻醉情形下在手術室進行。
The influenced genes are divided into two wide categories. Oncogenes are genes that boost mobile development and reproduction. Tumor suppressor genes are genes that inhibit cell division and survival. Malignant transformation can take place throughout the formation of novel oncogenes, the inappropriate in excess of-expression of usual oncogenes, or through the below-expression or disabling of tumor suppressor genes.
化学致癌物，例如石棉、烟草烟雾成分、酒精、黄曲霉毒素（一种食品污染物）和砷（一种饮水污染物）；
Treatment is usually similar to for non-Expecting women. Even so, radiation and radioactive medicine are Usually avoided through pregnancy, particularly when the fetal dose may well exceed a hundred cGy. Sometimes, some or all treatments are postponed till immediately after delivery Should the most cancers 癌症 is diagnosed late during the pregnancy.
不斷增生的癌細胞撐破腫瘤，癌細胞因而擴散至腫瘤周遭的組織及鄰近的淋巴結甚至更遠處。此時癌細胞流竄於原始病灶附近，必需借助循環全身的化學治療藥物治療。
On 2 December 2023, Nano These days posted a groundbreaking discovery involving "NK cell-partaking nanodrones" for focused most cancers remedy. The event of "NK mobile-engaging nanodrones" signifies a substantial breakthrough in most cancers therapy, showcasing how slicing-edge nanotechnology and immunotherapy can be mixed to focus on and reduce cancer cells with unparalleled precision.
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有些恶性肿瘤，并不被称为癌或肉瘤，而是以“恶性……瘤”的名词出现，如恶性黑色素瘤。
烟草使用、酒精消费、不健康饮食、缺乏身体活动和空气污染是癌症（以及其他非传染性疾病）的危险因素。